الأربعاء، 13 أبريل 2011

Al-Mahdi

Al-Mahdi (the Mahdi) is an Arabic word which means " The Guided ". In Persian, Turkish and Urdu languages, he is called Mehdi (instead of Mahdi). The Mahdi is the title of this important Muslim leader, not his actual name. His actual name is going to be Mohammad and he is supposed to be a descendant of Prophet Mohammad صلى الله عليه وسلم . Some Hadiths specify that the name of the Mahdi's father will be like the name of Prophet Mohammad's صلى الله عليه وسلم  father, meaning Abd-Allah.

The Mahdi is mentioned in several Hadiths, but is not mentioned in the Hadiths that list the Ten Major Signs of the Day of Resurrection. Most likely, the reason is that the Mahdi will appear before the Major Signs start. So, the Mahdi could be regarded among the last Minor Signs, before the Major Signs start.  It is likely that the Major Signs will start during the reign of the Mahdi.  However, there will be signs indicating the rise of the Mahdi, some of them will occur immediately before he appears and some of them during the initial period after he appears. Signs of the Mahdi are totally different from the Major Signs of the Day of Resurrection.

Abdullah bin Masood has reported that the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said, "The World will not pass away before the Arabs are ruled by a man (referring to the Mahdi) of my Ahl Bayt (family) whose name will be like mine." (Abu Dawud & Tirmizi)

Abdullah. Ibn Masood reported that the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said, "Even if there remains only a day before the World ends, the almighty Allah will greatly prolong that day to send a man from me (my progeny), from members of my House (family). His name will be similar to my name and his father's name similar to my father's name. He will fill the Earth with equity (fairness) and justice, as it (previously) was filled with oppression and injustice." (Abu Dawud)

2. Khilafa (Caliphate)
The recommended governing method of the Muslim nation in Islam is called Khilafa (Caliphate) headed by a Khalifa (Caliph) who rules all lands controlled by Muslims. The Caliph is supposed to be chosen through a method called Bay'a (whereby Muslims offer allegiance to the Caliph) and the Caliph can be any good Muslim, regardless of which family clan or tribe he belongs to. The word Caliph means a successor, in other words, the one who comes after another ruler. After Prophet Mohammad صلى الله عليه وسلم four successive Caliphs reigned who enjoyed wide spread approval among Muslims when they were chosen. They followed the methodology of Prophet Mohammad صلى الله عليه وسلم  in governing. They are: Abu Bakr Al-Siddique, Omar bin Al-Khattab, Uthman bin Affan, and Ali bin Abi Taleb. After Ali, there was a dispute over who should be chosen next. Some people favored Ali's son Al-Hasan (who is Prophet Mohammad's grandson) while others favored Muawiya bin Abi Sufyan, who was a powerful governor of AsSham. Al-Hasan reigned only 6 months and then resigned. Muawiya reigned for several years and chose his son Yazid to succeed him. Thus, the Umayya dynasty (Muawiya's tribe is called Bani Umayya) started.  So, the Islamic Bay'a system was no longer followed. Under proper Caliphate system, any good Muslim can be chosen as Caliph.  Instead under the dynasties that ruled the Muslims, the eligibility to become a ruler became restricted to the same ruling family or dynasty. Prophet Mohammad صلى الله عليه وسلم has accurately prophesied the governing methods that came to be followed after him and has prophesied that the proper Caliphate system will be applied again around the end of time. The Mahdi (Mehdi) is expected to rule as a proper Caliph.
تكون النبوة فيكم ما شاء الله أن تكون ، ثم يرفعها الله إذا شاء أن يرفعها ، ثم تكون خلافة على منهاج النبوة ، فتكون ما شاء الله أن تكون ، ثم يرفعها الله إذا شاء أن يرفعها ، ثم تكون ملكا عاضا ، فيكون ما شاء الله أن تكون ، ثم يرفعها الله إذا شاء أن يرفعها ، ثم يكون ملكا جبريا ، فتكون ما شاء الله أن تكون ، ثم يرفعها إذا شاء أن يرفعها ، ثم تكون خلافة على منهاج النبوة ، ثم سكت
Based on Huzaifah, Allah's Messenger  صلى الله عليه وسلم  said, "Prophecy will remain among you as long as Allah wishes it to remain, then Allah Most High will remove it. Then there will be a caliphate according to the manner of prophecy as long as Allah wishes it to remain, then Allah Most High will remove it. Then there will be a distressful kingdom which will remain as long as Allah wishes it to remain, then Allah Most High will remove it. Then there will be a proud kingdom which will remain as long as Allah wishes it to remain, then Allah Most High will remove it. Then there will be a caliphate according to the manner followed during the prophethood (by the prophet)." Then he stopped. Habib said: "When Umar ibn AbdulAziz became caliph I wrote to him, mentioning this tradition to him and saying, "I hope you will be the Prince of the Faithful Believers after the distressful and the proud kingdoms." It pleased and charmed him, i.e. Umar ibn AbdulAziz."  (Al-Tirmizi, Ahmad, Bayhaqi in Dala'il Nubuwwah)
Based on Abu Saeed Al Khudri, the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم   said, "Allah never sends a prophet or gives the Caliphate to a Caliph but that he (the prophet or the Caliph) has two groups of advisors: A group advising him to do good and exhorts him to do it, and the other group advising him to do evil and exhorts him to do it. But the protected person (against such evil advisors) is the one protected by Allah." (Sahih Al-Bukhari)
Based on Abu Saeed al-Khudri, Messenger of Allah  صلى الله عليه وسلم  said: "When oath of allegiance has been taken for two caliphs, kill the one for whom the oath was taken later." (Sahih Muslim - Hadith 4568 )
Narrated by Abu Huraira: The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said, "The Israelites used to be ruled and guided by prophets: Whenever a prophet died, another would take over his place. There will be no prophet after me, but there will be Caliphs who will increase in number." The people asked, "O Allah's Apostle! What do you order us (to do)?" He said, "Obey the one who will be given the pledge of allegiance first. Fulfil their (i.e. the Caliphs) rights, for Allah will ask them about (any shortcoming) in ruling those Allah has put under their guardianship." (Sahih Al-Bukhari)
Jarir said: " While I was at Yemen, I met two men from Yemen called Zhu Kala and Zhu Amr, and I started telling them about Allah's Messenger. Zhu Amr said to me, "If what you are saying about your friend (i.e. the Prophet) is true, then he has died three days ago." Then both of them accompanied me to Medina, and when we had covered some distance on the way to Medina, we saw some riders coming from Medina. We asked them and they said, "Allah's Messenger has died and Abu Bakr has been appointed as the Caliph and the people are in a good state.' Then they said, "Tell your friend (Abu Bakr) that we have come (to visit him), and if Allah will, we will come again." So they both returned to Yemen. When I told Abu Bakr their statement, he said to me, "I wish you had brought them (to me)." Afterwards I met Zhu Amr, and he said to me, "O Jarir! You have done a favor to me and I am going to tell you something, i.e. you, the nation of 'Arabs, will remain prosperous as long as you choose and appoint another chief whenever a former one is dead. But if authority is obtained by the power of the sword, then the rulers will become kings who will get angry, as kings get angry, and will be delighted as kings get delighted." (Sahih Al-Bukhari )
Narrated by Jabir bin Samura: I heard the Prophet  صلى الله عليه وسلم saying, "There will be twelve Muslim rulers (who will rule all the Islamic world)." He then said a sentence which I did not hear. My father said, "All of them (those rulers) will be from Quraish." (Sahih Al-Bukhari ) Abu Dawud in his Sunan also reported this Hadith, but added to it "and the whole community will agree on each of them."
Narrated by Ibn Umar: Allah's Apostle صلى الله عليه وسلم  said, "This matter (caliphate) will remain with Quraish even if only two of them were still existing." (Sahih Al-Bukhari )
Narrated by Abu Huraira: Allah's Messenger  صلى الله عليه وسلم said, "The kingship belongs to Quraish, the legal authority (belongs) to the Ansar, the call to prayer  (belongs) to the Abyssinians, and faithfulness (belongs) to Azd (Tribe in Yemen)." (Tirmizi)
Abdullah ibn Hawalah Al-Azdi said: "The Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم placed his hand over my head and said:
"O Ibn Hawalah! When you see that the Khilafah (Caliphate) has settled (has its seat or capital) in the Holy Land (Palestine), then the earthquakes, tribulations and great events will have drawn near. The Hour, on that day, will be closer to the people than my hand is to your head." (Abu Dawud)

Yunus ibn Maysurah Al-Jiblani said: "The Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم said:
"This matter will be in Al-Madina, then in AsSham, then in the Al-Jazirah, then in Iraq, then in Al-Madina, then in Bayt Al-Maqdis (Jerusalem). And when it comes to Bayt al-Maqdis, then it will be in its homeland. And it will never go away from a people and afterwards return to them."  (Nuaim bin Hammad's Kitab Al-Fitan

ليست هناك تعليقات:

إرسال تعليق